Argentina, ou a vida numa bolha
A Argentina é um país encantador e cheio de gente interessante, uma cultura literária e musical intensa e vibrante, e Buenos Aires é uma cidade agradável, de linda arquitetura. Na verdade, a lista de atributos é muito grande e, desde que cheguei aqui para viver, em julho de 2011, me surpreendo positivamente com várias coisas.
Mas é preciso dizer que há algumas características gerais –não estou falando de exceções– que irritam. Ou melhor, que até contaminam e te fazem achar normal certas coisas. Por sorte, saio seguidamente do país e, a cada viagem, fica mais fácil constatar: o argentino médio é provinciano e não dá bola para o mundo. Pior, em muitos casos, odeia o mundo e acha que ele só existe para tirar daqui suas riquezas e maravilhas.
Podemos começar, por exemplo, pelos noticiários e pela TV. Se você consumir apenas os jornais, programas e sites argentinos, pouco ficará sabendo do que acontece na Síria, na Líbia, em Israel, até mesmo no Brasil, o vizinho e principal parceiro comercial da Argentina. Com exceção da eleição norte-americana, e mesmo esta foi só um pouco mais ampla que as outras notícias internacionais, tudo o que acontece lá fora interessa pouco, ou é usado para reforçar um nacionalismo tipo torcedor, em alguns casos pode-se dizer primitivo.
O mundo das artes, por sua vez, tem cada vez menos variedade. Os cinemas de arte tornaram-se raros, os livros importados têm dificuldade para entrar, a música de fora vem menos porque a situação econômica não permite a vinda de shows e concertos como no antigamente.
Talvez a origem disso tudo esteja no passado colonial, nos tempos em que a Argentina era um rincão afastado do império espanhol, onde tanto as ideias como a comida e as roupas tinham muita dificuldade em chegar. Desenvolveu-se, então, um sistema de sobrevivência baseado na autoafirmação do caráter nacional.
Some-se a isso as dificuldades econômicas do presente e o autoritarismo de um governo essencialmente nacionalista, e temos uma mistura bastante difícil de engolir.
O isolamento mais o nacionalismo têm efeitos nocivos. É uma característica forte no argentino a ideia de que o que vem de fora não é nunca para ajudar ou para somar, mas sim para estragar, aproveitar, levar embora.
É difícil entender porque o discurso do governo kirchnerista é tão eficiente se não tomarmos em conta esses elementos. É quase uma fórmula, que o governo usa com habilidade já há algum tempo.
Na época do aniversário dos 30 anos da Guerra das Malvinas, foi assim. Cristina apelou para o nacionalismo e o ódio ao império britânico –mesmos elementos usados antes na ditadura– para fazer renascer nos argentinos a reivindicação pelas ilhas. Perdida essa batalha, usou a receita para expropriar a YPF. Os espanhóis foram retratados como exploradores, seu passado colonial reavivado. Resultado, a medida teve amplo apoio tanto da direita como da esquerda.
Recentemente, tivemos o caso da Fragata Liberdade, embarcação retida no porto de Tema, em Gana, por determinação da Justiça daquele país atendendo a um pedido de um “fundo abutre” norte-americano para quem a Argentina deve.
Na ocasião, Cristina apelou novamente ao anti-estrangeirismo médio do argentino, disse que “podiam ficar com nossa fragata, mas não com nossa soberania”. O detalhe é que não se trata de um ataque ao país, apenas a cobrança de uma dívida não paga.
Agora, o mesmo está sendo dito com relação à decisão do juiz Tomas Griesa que obriga o país a pagar suas dívidas com credores norte-americanos até o dia 15 de dezembro. Transformando um problema grave em arma para fortalecer seu relato, o kirchnerismo tenta capitalizar apoio atirando contra os “fundos abutre” que vêm do exterior com a única intenção de prejudicar a Argentina.
É claro que estou fazendo uma generalização, e parte da cultura do país é cosmopolita e aberta, não poderia ser diferente numa cidade que nasceu em torno de um porto.
Porém, nos dias de hoje, quando se contrapõe a Argentina nacionalista, voltada para o próprio umbigo, à Argentina aberta e moderna, tão famosa no começo do século 20, esta segunda parece estar fora de moda, sufocada pela primeira. O espírito dos tempos kirchneristas reforça a divisão, a manutenção das fronteiras e o entrincheiramento do país diante dos outros, até dos vizinhos, como o Brasil.
O atual governo está fazendo um uso político negativo de um aspecto caráter nacional para levar o país à contramão do mundo e dos tempos. Uma pena.
You could certainly see your enthusiasm within the paintings you write. The arena hopes for even more passionate writers such as you who are not afraid to mention how they believe. Always follow your heart.
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