Apagando Ernesto Sabato
A Argentina foi vanguarda no julgamento dos repressores da ditadura dos anos 70 e por isso merece ser amplamente aplaudida. Assim que o regime militar terminou, em 1983, começaram as movimentações que levaram ao tribunal as juntas responsáveis pela repressão, tortura e morte de cerca de 30 mil pessoas, segundo estimativas de entidades de direitos humanos.
Hoje, já foram realizados mais de 700 julgamentos e estão presos os mais importantes personagens relacionados ao caso. O principal exemplo é o do general Jorge Rafael Videla, que aos 86 anos cumpre pena de prisão perpétua num cárcere comum.
O documento que tornou possível todo esse processo, porém, está no eixo de uma polêmica. Trata-se do relatório “Nunca Mais”, que trazia a lista dos cerca de 8 mil casos de desaparecidos levantados pela Conadep (Comissão Nacional sobre a Desaparição de Pessoas). O prólogo do informe era assinado pelo escritor Ernesto Sabato, morto em 2011. Nele, o autor de “Sobre Heróis e Tumbas” contextualizava a violência do período e defendia a chamada “teoria dos dois demônios”, segundo a qual teria havido uma guerra civil na Argentina. Apareciam como responsáveis pela violência não apenas o Estado repressor, mas também os montoneros e militantes de esquerda que promoveram atos criminosos contra a sociedade.
Essa interpretação não agrada em nada o atual governo. Segundo o relato kirchnerista dos anos 70, a ditadura foi uma guerra entre bons e maus em que as vítimas eram heróis imaculados. Obviamente, tem razão ao reforçar que é muito mais sério e indesculpável que o Estado exerça o terror a partir de seus próprios meios e mobilize as Forças Armadas contra a população. Trata-se de um crime injustificado e que atenta contra a humanidade. Por outro lado, não parece correto omitir que os montoneros não eram violentos. A Argentina da época do golpe era conturbada, com bombas e tiroteios provocados pela guerrilha que resultaram, entre outras coisas, em mortes de civis.
Pois a Secretaria de Direitos Humanos tem uma visão parcial do que ocorreu, e divulga certa narrativa da história de forma a reforçar os horrores do Estado e esconder os crimes da guerrilha. Para o governo, a “teoria dos dois demônios” não é conveniente. Os kirchneristas gostam de referir-se aos derrotados dos anos 70 como heróis dos quais eles são agora os herdeiros diretos. Por tanto esses heróis devem ser retratados de forma romântica e positiva.
A primeira tentativa de apagar Sábato e sua interpretação dos fatos se deu em 2006, quando saiu uma nova edição do “Nunca Mais”, com algumas diferenças. Primeiro, a lista de desaparecidos foi aumentada. Não incluia apenas os mortos pela ação direta da repressão como também vítimas de tiroteios e outras situações de violência. É famoso o caso de Alicia Camp, que em 1972 morreu enquanto montava uma bomba que explodiu por acidente. Seu nome foi incluído na lista de vítimas da ditadura. O documento permitiu que mais gente se apresentasse como candidato a receber as altas indenizações distribuídas pelo Estado.
Depois, tratou-se de “esconder” o prólogo de Sábato. Ele seguiu na edição, mas ficou para um segundo plano. O prólogo principal passou a ser um texto da própria Secretaria de Direitos Humanos, com uma interpretação bastante kirchnerista da violência. Agora, sai uma nova edição que omite a assinatura de Sábato.
A comunidade de defesa dos direitos humanos e a dos escritores se levantou contra a arbitrariedade. Em um artigo no jornal “La Nación” (“Roubar os Mortos”), Magdalena Ruiz Guiñazú, jornalista e integrante da Conadep revoltou-se, lembrando o ato de coragem que foi assinar o texto: “Suprimir desse processo o nome de Ernesto Sabato é simplesmente roubar-lhe uma tarefa assumida com enorme responsabilidade em anos em que as Forças Armadas tinham ainda um grande poder (recordemos os golpes da Semana Santa, Villa Martelli, La Tablada, etc).”
Já Graciela Fernández Meijide, também integrante da Conadep e que perdeu um filho na repressão, afirmou: “Desconhecer uma pessoa como Sabato, que aguentou pressões, que nos deu coragem, é um absurdo”, diz.
Para o jornalista Ceferino Reato, autor de “Operação Primícia”, o debate é incômodo para os grandes meios, “porque os faz ver que foram omissos e que estavam do lado da ditadura durante o período”. Reato reforça que o governo está sendo bastante pragmático e direto, por um lado, tem a intenção de facilitar o acesso a grandes montos de indenização a mais gente para ampliar o apoio que tem dos setores de direitos humanos, por outro, reforçar a ideia de que são “herdeiros de heróis, que perderam nos anos 70, mas estão ganhando agora”.
A Secretaria de Direitos Humanos tem grandes méritos ao impulsionar a busca pela verdade e pelos julgamentos dos repressores. Porém, sua atuação é parcial e incompleta. Não contempla todas as vítimas da violência de Estado ao, por exemplo, não considerar os crimes da Triple A (força paraestatal comandada pelo peronismo) e ao não ser transparente em sua política de indenizações.
A “teoria dos dois demônios” é incômoda e indigesta, mas foi proposta por um intelectual valente que tinha muita clareza sobre o que estava acontecendo no calor dos acontecimentos, o que não é algo comum. Polêmica, discutível, tudo isso é verdade. Mas apagar Sabato definitivamente não é a saída. Melhor seria submeter suas ideias a uma cobertura e um debate mais crítico, menos ideologizado, mais plural e menos baseado em sentimentos de vingança. A memória argentina, com tudo isso, ganharia muito, e certamente haveria mais paz no ambiente de cisões estabelecido na sociedade hoje.
Many thanks a lot with regard to revealing that using persons you actually realize what you aren’t speaking roughly! Book marked. I implore you to furthermore discuss along with our site =). We were able to have got a website link different written agreement among you hello there!, I like your own composing quite definitely! ratio we keep in touch much more your own personal article with AOL? I have a specialist within this space to fix my very own trouble. Maybe that is anyone! Taking a look forward to expert an individual.
logo ralph lauren http://www.cjaairportservices.fr/polo-ralph-lauren/logo-ralph-lauren.html
I just mounted the particular software package. We called typically the “first lp, inches issued that some sort of code, and then tried to significance several test pictures from the camera move. After having a small perhaps, the particular iphone app crashed. My partner and i opened it contingency plan. I actually clicked on the particular recording (to determine if the pics had imported or not). As i enter our code, the complete iphone app dives. In the beginning, I think I may possess tapped out the particular pass word improperly, yet is actually accomplished the same about five instances today. Do they offer a fix in this?
Certainly, Glass windows eight Local area looks good. Zero affinity for typically the House windows pc tragedy, in addition to feel still waiting around for Operating system to be unified for capsules even though it’s not poor about devices. WebOS seemed to be appealing nonetheless it past away an easy death. iOS remains california king connected with pills in addition to Apple pc OS A full associated with desktop production.
babyliss curl secret http://www.mdasportsphotography.com
Reliable terms and conditions notifys you it’s a p2p, the point that occur to be stopped via managing the idea (short of editing startup company inside msconfig) continues to be a crucial concern.
louis vuitton outlet online http://checkswithchart.com/louisvuittonoutlet.html
Top notch work within this article! I especially like the way you presented your info in addition to the method anyone caused it to be essential and also very clear to know. Thanks a lot much.
glitter uggs on sale http://www.pmlfca.org/cheap-ugg-outlet/glitter-uggs-on-sale.html
Just about every application or even program features its professionals as well as crons thus the completely inappropriate sighting the particular bad details about the idea. They have most of the good details and as some time goes all these disadvantages will probably be soughted out and about. . -= GadgetGuide4U’s last blog… Reddit Software Regarding Android mobile phone is currently Avaiable =-.
babyliss pro miracurl http://www.sportstraining-bg.com/
The delete untility for your P support can be purchased in the Kontiki web site within the dev deal.
So it is the duty from the individual becoming slandered by means of unsubstantiated claims to disprove these individuals? I might claim that Dorrie Kass has nasty hovering apes living on the inside his smoke, and yes it could be the liability to undergo a painful open anal examination for you to disprove the declare. This can be a sport liberals like to perform, considering that their press lapdogs could make what ever declare they really want on page 1 along with print out a modification on-page 16 (if in all). Even though you possess nothing for the person, these unsubstantiated distortions just provide you with and the ones just like you a chance to advertize smudges. Solutions wear them to those claims, nevertheless, you employ them as a measure to ruin all of the adversaries of the concept of “the more significant very good. inches Nevertheless I know that you’re very angry from the demands to get Obama to produce his or her university transcripts as well as fulfill the promises regarding government visibility.
Can a person code a on the web traditional collection reader, such as Buddy Spy. So We can certainly weight each of our textual content file that contain namesscann. Below many of us get away from Monitors on websites online. anyone is aware of Software!
babyliss pro perfect curl http://financebuster.com/contact.php
Well, the apple ipad surely is deficient in a number of extremely important capabilities. Yet truthfully I do believe Apple mackintosh do this specific purposely to ensure that throughout a few months possibly even they might just come out with a new along with up-to-date ipad device. They are an exceptionally clever company and also have plans to get everything. . -= Url Building’s previous website… Buy. edu Back links: The way to get. edu Inbound links from. edu Internet sites =-.
ugg fashion boots http://www.canceledstamps.com/cheap-uggs-outlet/ugg-fashion-boots.html
Hmmmm! oh yea their as an addon is it… Costly! really.. almost all their equipment are generally really darn costly. -= Chethan’s last website… 12 Brilliant Highlights of Ubuntu twelve. 04. LTS Release in April up to 29 =-.
I really like hypem. com you can find plenty of things around, and just like you stated, the publishing good quality can also be good so maintains myself entertained!
low price ugg boots http://www.labels-n-more.com/ugg-boots-on-sale/low-price-ugg-boots.html
– Within the “about” menus, the idea claims the type is several. second . 6th (8E200) if that will help.
christian louboutin cinderella shoes giveaway http://danielcdillon.com/cheap-christian-louboutin/christian-louboutin-cinderella-shoes-giveaway.html
Yeah, FileZilla’s improvement crew won’t win high scars through my family for covering up. htaccess data files automatically AND stashing the possibility to enjoy the item in the randomly food list (should end up being under “View”)…
girls ugg sale http://countryclubdowney.com/ugg-boots/girls-ugg-sale.html
Will we be able to prevent to be examined if the condition is usually imperceptable. I feel such as my privateness is troubled due to this sort computer software =[ Did you know how?? Cheers ahead of time.
babyliss pro perfect curl usa http://intravnews.com/contact.aspx
Brian Me handling small businesses through N . VA and wish to use your graphical with my chats using them. It is a extremely effective 1 web page above see in the complex World wide web local community this all people has to be conscious of and also be involved in. How one can get your current admission with regard to really use? Thank you Doug
ugg loafer http://www.niadivas.com/ugg-outlet/ugg-loafer.html
This specific absolutely feels like an apparent scenario from the RIAA currently being upset this no-one is acquiring new music a lot any more, and they are depreciating, thus why don’t just simply chase zygor gentleman and also THE DOG spend on the truth that numerous many people will also be grabbing. To begin with, how can many people requirement that much money from charlie regarding getting eight tracks??? Our god, a new drug dealer would not obtain punished that badly. That amount of money is totally ridiculous. Next, should the particular RIAA become going after the other enourmous amount of folks that down load along with sue these people to get huge amount of money as well? This kind of complete circumstance is definitely absurd. Anyhow, Later on… retain preventing!!
babyliss keratin http://shop.brewhousesb.com/babyliss-pro/babyliss-keratin.html
You need to indulge in the tournament for just one of the most effective weblogs online. I’m going recommend this page!
black knit ugg boots http://outlet.brewhousesb.com/uggs-store/black-knit-ugg-boots.html
The easiest way to shift data in the pc to help ipad/iphone in addition to viceversa will be iFunbox some sort of free easy to use software that you may very easily get online.
louis vuitton outlet http://www.teamofnc.org
Hey there very nice web page!! Man.. Beautiful.. Wonderful.. My goal is to bookmark your web site and also do the rss feeds in addition… I am content to discover a great deal of beneficial information in the actual article, we’d like develop much more methods of this particular respect, very good discussing……
imitation louis vuitton trunks http://www.luckyhuntingshirt.com/louis-vuitton-outlet/imitation-louis-vuitton-trunks.html
hi, Hey remember to help me change the elgg, social torch theme to 1. main Remember to time to share realize which usually web site with mod to be able to change to make my own, personal layout when using the recent functionality You need to create your own ‘layouts’. Ex., into binder ‘views
christian louboutin pigalle 85 leather pumps http://atlasinafrica.com/christian-louboutin-online/christian-louboutin-pigalle-85-leather-pumps.html
Obtaining will be negative… milimetre kay! RIAA through claims problems… Pay for your own personal audio, may rob the idea.
cheap louis vuitton backpack outlet sale http://www.dunedinhschorus.com/Louis-Vuitton-Outlet/cheap-louis-vuitton-backpack-outlet-sale.html
The Shed Field synchronize could be fine. This may look after device for you to gadget shift as well. Many individuals try to find this kind of attribute from the appstore it doesn’t matter what often the application is perfect for.
ugg uk http://cameronbedell.com/uggs-outlet/ugg-uk.html
Basically dealing with iPhone 4. a few. When you try to significance images the software neglect.
clearance ugg boots kids http://www.tekmedia.net/cheap-uggs-outlet/clearance-ugg-boots-kids.html
We’re using workboxes far too My partner and i posted in regards to the total technique lately and a few from the quantity tag cloud My spouse and i made for our own preschooler. Within the next month or so I shall be publishing another printables as well number strips, numbers, and soooo much more!. We are going to truly savoring these individuals the actual most of us revised the idea to suit our family which is being released in any article shortly!
ugg duck boots http://www.bigdocpoker.com/uggs-outlet/ugg-duck-boots.html
we have been employing iscsi focus on on the win can be described as male impotence pack, so it is not just with regard to storage area web server. personally, i recommend steering clear of safe-keeping hardware.
babyliss big hair best price http://ckholland.com/babyliss-pro/babyliss-big-hair-best-price.html
i believed apple ipad should have a number of fine features!!! but its low in much more main items!! good data dude!!!
ugg noira http://www.tmdconnect.com/ugg-boots-sale/
hey, Hey please help me alter the elgg, sociable torch style to at least one. main You should time to share understand which often webpage within mod to be able to change to produce my own, personal configuration using the active features U should make your personal ‘layouts’. Ex., into binder ‘views
canada goose outlet http://www.townwalworthny.com/goose-outlet/canada-goose-outlet-store-montreal.html
In my opinion I am able to pay for an exam that adheres to that. Some sort of corp member of staff customers WSS while using iSCSI target software to offer safe-keeping regarding his or her bunch. I am going to find out if he can attempt a standard about the WSS moreover from a Virtual device to discover what are the distinction within overall performance will be.
ralph lauren uk http://www.marcspix.com