Prêmio com sabor amargo
O mundo das letras latino-americano anda em polvorosa desde que a tradicional Feira do Livro de Guadalajara, que ocorre no México em fins de novembro, resolveu premiar o peruano Alfredo Bryce Echenique. O prêmio do evento é o mais importante da literatura do continente, e sua entrega, que ocorre sempre dentro da festa, é um evento que conta com grande cobertura e presença de nomes ilustres.
Pois neste ano o véu da polêmica baixou sobre a FIL. O jurado, composto por escritores e membros da Universidade de Guadalajara, que ajuda a organizar o evento, decidiu premiar o autor de “Un Mundo para Julius” e “La Vida Exagerada de Martín Romaña”. Não estaria nada errado, Bryce Echenique é um dos nomes de mais relevo em sua geração, com uma larga trajetória na vida intelectual do Peru e da Espanha, país no qual se radicou entre 1984 e 2010.
O problema é que o escritor está atualmente respondendo a nada menos que 16 acusações de plágio de 15 autores diferentes. O autor teria copiado crônicas publicadas em jornais nos últimos dez anos. Apesar de não haver uma conclusão sobre as denúncias, a comunidade das letras se mobilizou, alguns para pedir que a premiação fosse revista, outros para defender a reputação de Bryce Echenique.
O mais enfático contra o peruano foi o escritor mexicano Juan Villoro. Em artigo publicado em vários suplementos culturais do continente, afirmou que a entrega do prêmio era absurda e antiética. Evocou as mortes de jornalistas mexicanos na cobertura da guerra contra o narcotráfico para qualificar de imoral o reconhecimento da obra de um plagiador. Também ressaltou que o fato de o prêmio ser entregue por uma universidade, que deveria dar o exemplo aos jovens estudantes, principalmente de jornalismo, tornava tudo mais grave.
O espanhol Juan Cruz, em seu blog no “El País”, foi dos que saiu em defesa do peruano, lembrando a importância de seus livros e como marcou a vida intelectual de Madri e Barcelona em suas passagens pelo país. Enquanto isso, o jurado mexicano Jorge Volpi disse que “não é função de um jurado literário transformar-se num jurado criminal. Querer arrebatar a Bryce um reconhecimento de sua obra narrativa, por outro lado, é um atentado contra a legalidade”, afirmou.
A Feira de Guadalajara tentou responder como pôde as críticas, mas manteve a posição dos jurados e o prêmio. Viu-se, porém, impedida de realizar a grande festa que já foi feita para autores como Fernando Vallejo e que todo ano abre sua programação. Optou por entregar o prêmio antes do evento, na semana passada, diretamente na casa de Bryce Echenique, ou “no escurinho”, como disse o jornal mexicano “La Vanguardia”.
A discussão sobre plágio e literatura já está instalada como uma das principais dessa edição da feira das letras mais importante da América Latina, que neste ano contará com uma seção totalmente dedicada ao Brasil, com a presença de 20 autores, entre eles Milton Hatoum, Rubem Fonseca e Bernardo Carvalho.
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