Aborto, entre o papel e a realidade

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No último domingo, saiu uma reportagem minha no caderno Mundo sobre o avanço de leis de direitos civis no Uruguai (Leia aqui).

Nosso vizinho do sul está às vésperas de aprovar a liberação da maconha, o aborto e o casamento gay. Na Argentina, muitos avanços também foram feitos nessa seara, e recentemente se aprovaram a morte digna e o matrimônio homossexual.

Apesar de serem vanguarda com relação a essa agenda, esses países encontram dificuldades para a execução dessas novas regras. Nas últimas semanas, a Argentina vem assistindo a uma dramática novela, que tem como protagonista uma mulher de 32 anos, vítima de um crime sexual na Patagônia.

Em março, a Corte Suprema do país determinou que os abortos podem ser praticados na Argentina sem trâmites judiciais em qualquer caso de violação, incluindo mulheres sãs adultas e menores de idade.

A mulher em questão, cujo nome não é divulgado, resolveu fazer uso da lei e apresentou-se para um aborto, uma vez que queria interromper uma gravidez indesejada, resultado de uma violação.

Foi quando começou o festival de erros e trapalhadas políticas. O prefeito de Buenos Aires, o direitista Mauricio Macri, decidiu jogar luz no drama da mulher e capitalizar com o episódio. Principal opositor de Cristina Kirchner e pré-candidato à sua sucessão em 2015, Macri resolveu posar de progressista.

Como Cristina se declara contra o aborto, por ter passado por um espontâneo anos atrás, o chefe de governo portenho saiu dizendo que o primeiro aborto pela nova lei seria feito em Buenos Aires, expondo o nome do hospital e a data.

O anúncio aguçou um grupo ultraconservador, chamado Pro Familia, que se armou de uma ação judicial e levou gente para a porta do hospital de Ramos Mejía onde estava internada a paciente. O grupo fez barulho e conseguiu convencer uma juíza federal, Miriam Rustán de Estrada, a impedir o procedimento, isso com a mulher já em fase de preparação.

“Um dia, quando ela estiver com o filho nos braços, vai nos agradecer”, dizia o líder do Pro Familia, orgulhoso e arrogante, aos microfones das televisões diante da porta do hospital, tomado por manifestantes pró-vida e anti-aborto.

Desesperada e correndo contra o tempo, a mulher recorreu. A juíza foi afastada do caso e o aborto, autorizado pela Corte Suprema. Até o momento em que escrevo esse texto, porém, ainda não havia sido realizado.

O drama ganhou as manchetes dos noticiários e virou tema de polêmica nas mesas de amigos. A principal conclusão que se tira é que nenhuma lei basta enquanto for só um gesto político e enquanto a sociedade não estiver informada e pronta a recebê-la.

No front político, foi mais um desgaste do atrapalhado Macri, político despreparado e descuidado que não resiste a um holofote. Para propagandear-se, expôs o drama de uma mulher em situação muito frágil e provocou um constrangimento ainda maior, ao deixa-la a mercê de um grupo ultraconservador.

O avanço de leis progressistas como as aprovadas no Uruguai e na Argentina é positivo. O problema é quando se transformam de uma questão jurídica a uma espécie de “nicho político”. Não são poucos os líderes que se deixaram seduzir por essa promessa de ampliação na base dos votos com uma agenda “moderna”, posando de “vanguardistas”. Para bancá-las, são necessárias políticas mais amplas.

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