Caçadores de comunistas

Sylvia Colombo

Os crimes da ditadura argentina (1976-1983) têm recebido ampla atenção do governo e da sociedade. Porém, a violência que existia no país no período pré-golpe ainda é uma espécie de tabu.

É conhecida a ação da Triple A, a famosa Aliança Anticomunista Argentina, uma força parapolicial de extrema direita que perseguia militantes esquerdistas entre 1972 e 1975, ou seja, durante os governos peronistas. Porém, as responsabilidades estão diluídas. Há quem diga que sua atividade começou durante o governo de Juan Domingo Perón e com anuência deste, outros que alegam que quem mandava era apenas seu ministro de Bem Estar Social, o sinistro José Lopez Rega. E que Perón não sabia de nada.

O filme “Parapolicial Negro”, de Javier Diment, em cartaz em Buenos Aires, desfaz alguns mitos sobre as atividades do grupo e aporta muita informação sobre o modo como atuava, tendo sido responsável por mais de 1.500 mortes, segundo estimativas. Um dos crimes mais famosos é o assassinato do Padre Mugica, herói dos religiosos revolucionários do Terceiro Mundo.

O documentário é construído a partir de relatos de sobreviventes e explicações de jornalistas e historiadores. O mais impressionante é o de Ana María Gil Calvo, viúva do braço-direito de López Rega, Eduardo Almirón. Ingênuo e aparentemente sincero, seu depoimento enaltece o marido e o romance de ambos, mas deixa entrever a cruel brutalidade de sua personalidade. Almirón, ao lado de Juan Ramón Morales, é responsável por inúmeras torturas e mortes. Gil Calvo, como se estivesse falando de um príncipe encantado, conta como foi seu casamento, com López Rega de padrinho e o Estado pagando a festa, e se diz católica e contra a violência. Mas não deixa de soltar, aqui e ali, que sabia, pelo menos de um modo geral, a que o marido se dedicava.

Também são ouvidas vítimas, que contam os bastidores das torturas e dão detalhes do tratamento recebido, além de sindicalistas, que mencionam o vínculo desses representantes dos trabalhadores com a repressão. O contexto histórico, extremamente desfavorável a Perón, é explicado com clareza e sem aparente orientação ideológica.

Além do filme, Diment e equipe elaboraram uma página web (www.parapolicialnegro.com.ar) em que estão colocando todas as entrevistas na íntegra, o que poderá ser bastante útil para historiadores do período.

 

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